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Lect:
English
latitude,longitude:
52,-1
Patterns [ 10 ] Attributes Syllables [ 6 ] Sources [ 9 ] Words
Stress Type Pattern Description Notes View
Pattern Name Word Size Pattern Kind
primary
STCSPC
(U-)P/A12/23/3R
 ≥1 syllable dominant
primary
STCSPC
1@w3/234@sR
 ≥1 syllable dominant
secondary
STCSPC
i('H,'LL)R
 ≥1 syllable dominant
secondary
STCSPC
Not included
 ≥1 syllable dominant
in_toto final if heavy, else penult ≥1 syllable dominant
in_toto English ≥1 syllable dominant
exceptional Exceptional (English) ≥1 syllable exceptional
compound Compound_(X+X)+X_strong-weak ≥1 syllable compound
compound Compound_X+(X+X)_weak-strong ≥1 syllable compound
compound Compound_X+X_strong-weak ≥1 syllable compound

No attributes associated with this lect.

Syllable Parameters [ 3 ] Syllabic Template Weight [ 3 ]
br_onsets: yes
closed_syll: yes
long_v: yes

No syllabic template information for this lect.

VV weight: 2
VC weight: 1
V weight: 0
1995 Bailey, Todd M. 1995. Nonmetrical Constraints on Stress. Doctoral dissertation, Univerisity of Minnesota. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI.
1994 Burzio, Luigi. 1994. Principles of English Stress. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1986 Hammond, Michael. 1986. The Obligatory Branching Parameter in Metrical Theory. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 4. 185-228.
190: Many adjectives follow the same pattern as the regular nouns. Main stress is antepenult with secondaries iterating leftward from the primary. (Hammond 1986:190)
1999 Hammond, Michael. 1999. The Phonology of English. Oxford University Press.
1981 Hayes, Bruce. 1981. A metrical theory of stress rules. 1980. Ph.D. thesis, MIT.
4: In general, the main stress in English falls on the last stressed syllable that is not in final word position. (Hayes 1980:4)
150: English verbs and unsuffixed adjectives receive final stress if they end in a string of at least two consonants or with a syllable having a long vowel, and otherwise penultimate stress. (Hayes 1980:150)
151: Nouns have final stress if the last syllable has a long vowel. (Hayes 1980:151)
152: In nouns with a stressless final syllable stress is assigned to a heavy penult; to the antepenult if te penult is light. (Hayes 1980:152)
1995 Pater, Joe. 1995. "On the nonuniformity of weight-to-stress and stress preservation effects in English." Rutgers Optimality Archive (ROA-107-0000).
  Trommelen M. & W. Zonneveld (forthc.). Dutch. To appear in chapter 8 of H. van der Hulst (ed.) Word Prosodic Systems in the Languages of Europe. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin.
  Compounds have morphological secondary stress -> phrasally reduced heavy stress (G&K:8).Main stress is assigned leftward from the righthand edge of the word, in a quantity-sensitive fashion. The final syllable is extrametrical. If the next available rhyme 'branches', i.e. is closed or contains a long vowel, it gets stress. If it does not branch stress is allowed to reach the antepenultimate syllable. Final long vowels without secondary stress are much more common than those with such a stress, despite the fact that they are heavy. This can be analysed by saying that word-final vowels are obligatorily lengthened by a late phonological rule. The one without secondary stress are underlyingly short. Long vowels in closed final syllables always bear secondary stress. Final closed syllables with short vowels do not bear secondary stress because of consonant extrasyllabicity. Underived verbs and adjectives are generally exceptions to final extrametricality. (Trommelen & Zonneveld forthc.)
  etc.
  Trommelen & Zonneveld (forthc.) English. To appear in chapter 8 of H. van der Hulst (ed.) Word Prosodic Systems in the Languages of Europe. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin.

No words associated with this lect.