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Lect:

Tawala

latitude,longitude:

-10.3,150.7

Pattern:

SPC: i2@2R

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In all words, secondary stress occurs on iteratively on even numbered syllables, counting from the right.

Ezard, Bryan. 1997. A grammar of Tawala : an Austronesian language of the Milne Bayarea, Papua New Guinea. Canberra: Australian National University.: Excerpt not available.
Gordon, Matthew. 2002. A factorial typology of quantity insensitive stress. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 20. pages 491-552.: Excerpt not available.

type: quantity-insensitive (qi)

Right, trochaic, iterative (v8) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Degenerate_Feet no Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_repair no Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no Subminimal_words no

Right, trochaic, iterative (v1) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Degenerate_Feet no Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_repair no Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no

Right, trochaic, iterative (v2) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_repair no Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no Subminimal_words yes

Right, trochaic, iterative (v9) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Degenerate_Feet yes Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_repair no Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no Subminimal_words yes

Right, trochaic, iterative (v10) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Degenerate_Feet no Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_repair yes Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no Subminimal_words yes

Right, trochaic, iterative (v3) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic

Right, trochaic, iterative (v11) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no

Right, trochaic, iterative (v4) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Right, trochaic, iterative (v12) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no Subminimal_words yes

Right, trochaic, iterative (v6) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Degenerate_Feet no Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no

Right, trochaic (v11) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Degenerate_Feet no Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative (Y) Rhythm_repair no Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no Subminimal_words no

Right, trochaic, iterative (v7) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_Iterative yes Rhythm_Ternary no Rhythm_Type trochaic Subminimal_words yes

Right, trochaic (v13) theory: StressTyp Parameters

Theoretical Elements Degenerate_Feet no Rhythm yes Rhythm_Direction right Rhythm_EM no Rhythm_Iterative no Rhythm_repair no Rhythm_Ternary none Rhythm_Type trochaic Rhythm_Weight no Subminimal_words yes

FSA tail

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Anejom

Apurinã

Berbice

Bicolano, central

Cavineña

Cornish

Djingili

Ese Ejja (SPD)

Ese Ejja; Chama (ST1)

Garawa

German

Greek, Modern

Hebrew, Modern

Inga (ST1)

Kisar; Meher; Loikera

Larike

Lenakel

Luvale

Manam (ST1)

Maung

Mullukmulluk

Muna

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No attributes associated with this lect.

closed_syll: yes

syllable_template: none given but probably (C)V

any weight: 0

1997 Ezard, Bryan. 1997. A grammar of Tawala : an Austronesian language of the Milne Bayarea, Papua New Guinea. Canberra: Australian National University.

2002 Gordon, Matthew. 2002. A factorial typology of quantity insensitive stress. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 20. pages 491-552.

1991 Ezard, Bryan (1991). Tawala Grammar: A functional approach. PhD dissertation. Australian National University.

93: Stress is expressed in volume, length and pitch. Stress is placed on the penultimate syllable (whereby consecutive vowels are in separate syllables). Secondary stress occurs on alternates to the left. Secondary stress always occurs on the first syllable of a reduplicated form, this overrides the previous rule.Exceptions: if the vowel to receive stress is the second in a VV sequence and it is higher than the first vowel, stress moves to the first vowel, and the second vowel becomes a glide. Sometimes this even happens when a consonant intervenes.. (Ezard 1991:93)

ˈbada man

hiˈpuli earth

beˈlana blossom

teˈwela child

ˌkeduˈluma woman

i ˌdewaˈdewa it is good

i ˌhopuˌhopuˈmai he\she\it was coming down here

ˈkaoha joy

ˈbauli north wind

ˈbolima year

ˈhalima outrigger